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人们对于事物之间的关系发现由于社会学的复杂性,通常缺乏控制变量进行实验的条件,因此会导致许多错误的结论由此产生。一个典型的例子就是所谓的30年代擦鞋匠典故。该典故的内容大致是,某位股市经纪人在擦鞋的时候,听到擦鞋匠都在谈论买股票,觉得是不祥之兆,于是回头抛售了手里的所有股票,紧跟着就是30年代的大萧条了。
这样简单的故事导致一些错误关系的发掘,甚至有人会以按脚的小工都知道经济危机为由头认为实际的经济危机已经结束。将信息的最末到达端的信号当作事件的结束点是不严肃的一种态度,因为这二者并不构成任何的理论关系。
由于大部分市场具有自我实现的因素,因此上涨和下跌是符合某些利好/利空的信息传递途径,通常自恃此理论的人士都站在信息传播的前部,因此无论接触的末端有多末,都是已实现状态,符合了自我的预期,更觉得该理论的正确。
但在一个漫长的下降曲线中,这种假联系就无从谈起了。信息传播符合指数模型,而漫长的下降曲线和陡峭的上升曲线不同,没有半点指数的影子,于是,在下降远没到底的时候,信息已经传遍了所有群体。妄图依靠这种简单关系来发掘真相的同学们怕是要失望了。
人类总是有缺陷的,比如由于错误偏见导致的决策。一个典型的例子是大部分人相对于不小心坠楼或感冒死亡,更相信飓风和恐怖袭击能取其性命。这些错误偏见还包括大家总是高估彩票中奖的概率,高估用不靠谱的理论Pitch到Stupid Money的概率等。
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