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美国梦
所谓的美国梦(American Dream),是一种相信只要在美国经过努力不懈的奋斗便能获致更好生活的理想,亦即人们必须透过自己的工作勤奋、勇气、创意、和决心迈向繁荣,而非依赖于特定的社会阶级和他人的援助。通常这代表了人们在经济上的成功或是企业家的精神[63]。许多欧洲移民都是抱持著美国梦的理想前往美国的。尽管有些人批评美国梦过度强调了物质财富在衡量胜利和快乐上扮演的角色,但许多美国人的确认为,这种获致成功的机会在世界上其他国家是找不到也并不存在的。因为与其他大多数国家不同的是,在美国拥有的经济自由相当多,政府扮演的角色相当有限,这使得美国的社会流动性极大,任何人都有可能透过自己的努力迈向巅峰。从美国独立直至19世纪末期,广大的土地都无人居住和拥有,任何有心人都可以加以占据并投资和开垦。而到了工业革命时期,美国庞大的自然资源和先进的工业技术则使得快速的社会流动变的可能,而且这种趋势仍在一天一天的增加中。
依据历史学家的说法,美国快速的经济发展和工业扩张并非只是因为美国的自然资源丰富,更是因为所有人都有机会借由自己的奋斗获取财富[64]。美国梦成为了吸引世界各地人民移民美国的主要原因—无论过去或现在。在今天,每年有超过一百万的人成为合法的美国公民,是世界上最受欢迎的移民地点。
去他的命运,我就不信什么邪,要是我信了,我也就不在这里了。
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